Patient education includes:

• Health promotion & illness prevention
• Restoration of health
• Coping with impaired functioning

🧑‍⚕️ Standards for Patient Education

• Nurse Practice Acts = Patient teaching is part of nursing practice.
• The Joint Commission (TJC) = Sets standards for patient & family education.
• Requires collaboration among healthcare staff to ensure patient safety.

🎓 Teaching vs. Learning

Teaching begins when the patient recognizes a need to learn.

👩‍⚕️ Role of the Nurse in Patient Education

• Nurses are legally responsible for educating patients.
• Must determine:

✔ What the patient needs to know

✔ Their preferred learning style

✔ Their readiness to learn

• Use TJC's Speak Up Program to empower patients:

🔹 Speak Up Tips (TJC)

• Speak up with concerns/questions
• Pay attention to your care
• Educate yourself on your illness
• Ask someone to be your advocate
• Know your medications
• Use quality-approved facilities
• Participate in decisions

🧠5. Domains of Learning

🎯 6. Basic Learning Principles

🔹 Motivation to Learn

• Internal drive to learn
• Influenced by:

✔ Need to know

✔ Cultural factors (ACCESS model)

✔ Active participation

✔ Social learning theory

• Motivational interviewing helps patients overcome resistance and move toward change

🔹 Readiness & Ability to Learn

• Attentional set = ability to focus
• Developmental stage (children vs adults)
• Learning disabilities & health literacy
• Physical capability
• Learning environment (quiet, private, well-lit)

📌 9. Nursing Diagnoses for Patient Education

Possible diagnoses include:

• Lack of Knowledge (Cognitive/Affective/Psychomotor)
• Decisional Conflict
• Impaired Health Maintenance
• Self-Care Deficit
• Impaired Ability to Manage Diet/Exercise

🗂 10. Planning

Plan WITH the patient.

Includes:

• Setting learning objectives
• Organizing material
• Choosing timing
• Prioritizing content
• Team collaboration

🧑‍🏫 11. Implementation

🔹 Part 1 – Teaching Strategies

(page 17)

1. Maintain attention
2. Build on patient’s knowledge
3. Choose the right method:
• Telling
• Participating
• Entrusting
• Reinforcing

🔹 Part 2 – Instructional Methods

• One-on-one discussion
• Group teaching
• Demonstrations
• Analogies
• Role-playing
• Simulations
• Preparatory instruction

🔹 Part 3 – Special Considerations

• Illiteracy
• Disabilities
• Cultural differences
• Children & older adult needs
• Use teaching tools (videos, pictures, models)

✔️ 12. Evaluation

Ask:

• Did the patient’s learning needs get met?
• If not → Revise the teaching plan

Tools:

• Patient outcomes
• Documentation
• Teach-back method (gold standard)

🔥 NCLEX HIGH-YIELD POINTS

🔹 Cognitive vs Affective vs Psychomotor

This is always tested.

🔹 Teach-back = best evaluation method

Not quizzes, not asking “Do you understand?”

🔹 Patient must be READY to learn

If in pain, anxious, or tired → delay teaching.

🔹 Teaching children vs adults

Children → developmental stage

Adults → previous experiences + readiness

🔹 Health literacy matters more than intelligence

Use simple language, pictures, repetition.