📘Chapter 3 Community & Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice — Study Guide
👉 🧠 Mind Map – Week 2, Chapter 3
Coggle Community-Based Nursing Practice, Healthy People Initiative (2030), 🔄…I. 🌍 Community-Based Nursing Practice
- Focus: Health promotion, disease prevention, restorative care.
B. Community-Based Health Care
- Definition: Accessible care for all, including underserved groups.
- Challenges:
- Lack of insurance
- Chronic illness, STIs, substance abuse
- Under-immunization
- Political policy, social determinants, health disparities, economics
- Goal: Reduce disparities by improving quality, access, and cost.
C. Population Health
- Scope: From prevention → population disease management. (Preventive care Level)
- Goal: Improve health equity & overall population health.
D. Healthy People Initiative (2030)
- Purpose: Ongoing national goals for health improvement.
- Goals:
- Increase life expectancy & quality of life
- Achieve health literacy & equality
- Eliminate disparities
- Improve delivery of healthcare services
- Key Components:
- Assess community needs
- Develop public policies
- Expand access to care
E. Social Determinants of Health
- Definition: Social & economic opportunities, resources, and support systems that affect health.
- Factors: Biological, socioeconomic, psychosocial, behavioral, social.
- Healthy People 2030 (SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH):
- Economic Stability
- Education Access & Quality
- Health Care Access & Quality
- Neighborhood & Built Environment
- Social & Community Context
F. Health Equity vs. Health Disparities
- Health Equity: Everyone has a fair chance to be as healthy as possible, no matter their background.
- Health Disparities: Unfair differences in health outcomes that can be prevented (caused by poverty, unsafe environments, poor access, or discrimination).
G. Public vs Community Health Nursing
- Community Health Nursing: You work with a group of people, a community. Works with individuals, families, and groups to promote and maintain health.
- Example: A nurse in Miami-Dade visiting families to give flu shots, teaching a mom about newborn care, or running a diabetes support group at a local clinic.
- Public Health Nursing: It means that focuses on the needs of entire populations with shared traits.
- Example: A nurse working with the Florida Department of Health to track Zika virus cases, organize hurricane emergency shelters, or design programs for statewide COVID-19 vaccination.
H. Competency in Community-Based Nursing
👩⚕️ Nurse Roles
- Caregiver,
- Case Manager
- Change Agent
- Advocate
- Collaborator
- Counselor
- Educator
- Epidemiologist
🛠️ Key Practices
- Know community resources
- Partner with families & groups
- Adapt to community changes
🌎 Global Health Impact
- Nurses are frontline during pandemics & new infections.
- Act as liaisons between health systems and the community.
📌 Professor Notes
- Build strong relationships in the community
- Always check available resources
- Nurses are responsible for driving positive changes
🏥 Community-Based Nursing
- Helps people care for themselves → builds independence.
- Reduces costs and makes care easier to access.
- Acts as the first point of contact in the healthcare system.
🌍 Impact of Global Health on Community Health
- 🌐 Emerging Infections → Travel, crowded cities, and climate change spread diseases (Ebola, SARS, COVID-19, Dengue).
- 🏥 Strain on Health Systems → More patients, supply shortages, and rising costs.
- 👩⚕️ Nurses on Frontlines → Provide care, prevention, and communication during outbreaks.
- ✈️ Nurse Migration → Nurses move to the U.S., creating shortages in their home countries.
- 🚶 Travel & Transmission → Global travel increases how fast diseases spread.
I. Medically Underserved Populations
🧑🤝🧑 Examples
- Poverty
- Older adults
- Disabled persons
- Homeless
- Immigrants
- Abuse survivors
- Individuals in abusive relationships
- Substance abuse
- Mental illness
- LGBTQ populations (higher rates of mental health concerns, substance use, HIV)
⚠️ Characteristics
- Higher risk for poor health
- Limited access to care
- Often dependent on others for support
📝 Community Assessment
- 🔎 Process: Data collection, health monitoring, sharing info.
- 🏙️ Components: Structure/locale, demographics, social systems (schools, agencies).
- 🤝 Practice: Always assess individuals within their community context.